Which foods contain phytoestrogens?

• A. Garlic, onions, and ginger
• B. Flaxseed, red clover sprouts, and soy flour
• C. Spinach, broccoli, and carrots
• D. Milk, cheese, and yogurt

Answer: (B)

Phytoestrogens are plant compounds that mimic estrogen activity in the body. They’re most notable in flaxseed, soy products, and certain sprouts. Flaxseed is one of the richest sources of lignans, red clover sprouts contain isoflavones and other phytoestrogens, and soy flour provides isoflavones like genistein and daidzein. Together, these foods deliver meaningful amounts of phytoestrogens.

The other food groups don’t contribute significant phytoestrogens: garlic, onions, and ginger have bioactive compounds for flavor and anti-inflammatory effects but not estrogen-mimicking compounds in meaningful amounts; leafy greens and cruciferous vegetables like spinach, broccoli, and carrots are nutrient-rich but not notable sources of phytoestrogens; dairy products such as milk, cheese, and yogurt lack plant-based estrogens.